Indirect Method to Measure the Poisson’s Ratio
Devices equipped with a rotational and a linear drive enable torsion and tension measurements to be performed on the same sample without reloading. The modulus information gathered from this type of test can be used to calculate Poisson’s ratio.
When a material is pulled in the axial direction, it typically contracts in the lateral direction. The material parameter that describes this behavior is the Poisson’s ratio ν, also called the lateral contraction ratio. The highest theoretical value of ν is 0.5 and is obtained for incompressible materials (e.g. rubbers or liquids). A Poisson’s ratio of 0 means that the material does not attempt to expand or contract laterally when pushed or pulled in the axial direction. An example of a material with zero Poisson’s ratio is cork, which is therefore suitable for sealing wine bottles. This example shows that Poisson’s ratio is an important material property for certain applications. Apart from that, Poisson’s ratio is often used as input for numerical simulations. In addition, Poisson’s ratio is important for bonding, for example in additive manufacturing.
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